Mono-crystal diamond refers to a man-made material synthesized artificially. It has a very uniform crystalline structure and higher purity. This is the main difference that distinguishes mono-crystal diamond from natural diamond. The manufacturing method of mono-crystal diamond is very special, requiring carbon-containing gas to be placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to crystallize.
Mono-crystal diamond and natural diamond differ mainly in their origin and quality. Natural diamonds are formed in deep crustal rocks under high pressure and high temperature, and they become one of the most precious gems in the jewelry industry after mining, cutting, and processing. On the other hand, mono-crystal diamond is artificially synthesized, with more stable quality, making it more suitable for use in some high-tech fields. Compared to natural diamond, mono-crystal diamond has better hardness, strength, and thermal conductivity, and is more uniform. It has wide applications in high-tech fields such as ultra-hard tools and optical windows.
Due to its extremely high hardness and strength, mono-crystal diamond is widely used in industrial and scientific fields, such as cutting tools, abrasives, high-pressure drill bits, blades, optical windows, and heat sinks. Its physical properties under high temperature and high pressure make it an ideal choice for high-strength materials. Meanwhile, the stability and uniformity of mono-crystal diamond also make it suitable for some high-precision applications, such as semiconductor wafer manufacturing.
Low friction coefficient, small deformation during processing, and reduced cutting forces;
Cutting tools made from mono-crystal diamond have extremely high hardness (10000HV), providing excellent wear resistance;
The cutting edge of tools made from mono-crystal diamond can be made very sharp, reducing the tendency to adhere to the tool and forming chips, making ultra-thin cutting and ultra-precision machining possible;
Under an 800x Nomarski microscope, the cutting edge shows no defects, and the surface roughness can reach Rz0.1～0.05μm when processing non-ferrous metals. The shape accuracy of the processed workpiece is controlled below 50nm;
Selected mono-crystal diamond tool particles show good consistency and have a service life that is 100 times, or even several hundred times, that of carbide tools.
In summary, although mono-crystal diamond and natural diamond both have extremely high hardness and strength, there are significant differences between them. Mono-crystal diamond has better hardness, strength, and thermal conductivity, and is more uniform, making it widely used in industrial and scientific fields. Cutting tools made from mono-crystal diamond have the advantages of good wear resistance, sharpness, and long service life.
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