In the usual sense, powdered materials with abrasive particle sizes less than 54 microns used for grinding and polishing are called micro-powder. Micro-powder made from diamond as raw material is called diamond micron powder. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of new application fields, the particle size of many diamond micron powders has far exceeded 54 microns.
Diamond micron powder comes in many varieties. The most common type is diamond micron powder produced from low-strength synthetic diamonds, through processes such as crushing, purification, and classification. With the continuous exploration of application fields, various categories of diamond micron powders have appeared in the market, according to different uses.
According to the source of raw materials, it is divided into natural diamond micron powder and synthetic diamond micron powder. Low-grade natural diamonds that cannot be used for jewelry can be processed into diamond micron powder via ball milling for industrial grinding and polishing, such as the post-processing of gemstones and precision parts. With the rapid development of industry, the demand for diamond micron powder in the field of grinding and polishing has greatly increased, and the output of natural diamond micron powder cannot meet market demands. The advent of synthetic diamonds solves this issue, providing ample raw materials for diamond micron powder.
Synthetic diamond micron powder has wide applications in grinding hard and brittle materials. As a powder material, it can be used for grinding and polishing various natural gems, synthetic gems, glass, ceramics, and other materials. When made into grinding fluids and grinding pastes, it can be used for cutting and grinding polishing semiconductor materials such as silicon wafers and sapphire wafers. It can also be made into various products such as precision grinding wheels, diamond composite sheets, precision grinding discs, and wire drawing dies.
According to the strength of the raw materials, diamond micron powder can be divided into high-strength diamond micron powder and low-strength diamond micron powder. The former is produced from high-strength diamond as the raw material. The micro-powder has high single-particle strength, low impurity content, and low magnetism. The latter, using low-strength diamond as the raw material, has good self-sharpening properties.
Based on the diamond crystal structure, it can be divided into monocrystalline diamond micron powder and polycrystalline diamond micron powder. Due to the large output and wide application fields of monocrystalline diamond micron powder, it is generally referred to as diamond micron powder in the industry.
Monocrystalline diamond micron powder is produced from synthetic monocrystalline diamond abrasive grains through crushing and shaping processes, using special techniques of superhard materials. Its particles retain the monocrystalline characteristics of diamond, featuring cleavage planes and fracturing along these planes under external impacts, exposing new "cutting edges".
Polycrystalline diamond micron powder is composed of micron and submicron polycrystalline particles formed by another strong bond of diamond grains with diameters of 5~10nm and has high toughness. Due to its unique structural performance, it is often used in grinding and polishing semiconductor materials and precision ceramics.
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