What Are the Raw Materials for Synthetic Diamond Abrasives

Raw Materials for Synthetic Diamond Abrasives

High-Purity Carbon Powder

High-purity carbon powder is an important raw material for the manufacturing of synthetic diamond abrasives. It is prepared from high-purity natural graphite or synthetic graphite through multiple processes including high-temperature pyrolysis and carbonization. The treated high-purity carbon powder can be transformed into diamond under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

Diamond Particles

Diamond particles are another important raw material for the manufacturing of synthetic diamond abrasives. This material is primarily prepared through an explosion method, where natural diamond particles are further fragmented under the impact of an explosion wave, forming smaller particles. These diamond particles can be further processed to make diffusion welding, metal cutting, and other tools.

Diamond Film

Diamond film refers to a thin film form of synthetic diamond abrasive material. It is prepared by a vapor deposition method, which uses a high-energy ion beam to bombard the substrate, causing diamond molecules to form a nano-scale thin film on the surface. Diamond films are widely used in fields such as magnetic heads, sensors, and optical devices.

Preparation Methods of Synthetic Diamond Abrasives

There are many methods for the preparation of synthetic diamond abrasives, with the most commonly used being the high-temperature high-pressure method and the chemical vapor deposition method.

High-Temperature High-Pressure Method

The high-temperature high-pressure method is the earliest invented and most widely used method for preparing synthetic diamond abrasives. This method involves placing a metal catalyst and diamond raw materials (such as high-purity carbon powder or diamond particles) in a high-temperature, high-pressure, high-purity metal chamber. Under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the metal catalyst decomposes producing carbon atoms and metal carbide ions. These carbon atoms then gradually deposit on the substrate under the catalysis of the metal carbide ions, forming diamond.

Chemical Vapor Deposition Method

The chemical vapor deposition method involves the deposition of metal catalyst and diamond raw materials (such as diamond particles or other carbon sources) on a substrate surface through ion beam or chemical vapor deposition to grow diamond films. This preparation method has advantages such as high efficiency and high purity and can grow large-area, high-quality diamond films, moving further towards practical application.

The raw materials for synthetic diamond abrasives include high-purity carbon powder, diamond particles synthesized by the explosion method, and diamond films prepared by the vapor deposition method. The preparation methods mainly include the high-temperature high-pressure method and the chemical vapor deposition method. Due to the excellent physical properties of synthetic diamond abrasives, they have broad application prospects in the fields of tool manufacturing and abrasives.