Diamond, as a super-hard cutting tool material, has been used in cutting machining for hundreds of years. In the development of cutting tools, high-speed steel was the main representative of tool materials from the late nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century. In 1927, Germany first developed hard alloy tool materials and obtained widespread applications. In the 1950s, Sweden and the United States respectively synthesized synthetic diamonds, and cutting tools entered the period dominated by superhard materials.
In the 1970s, polycrystalline diamond (PCD) was synthesized using high-pressure synthesis technology, which solved the problem of rare and expensive natural diamonds and expanded the application range of diamond cutting tools to many fields such as aviation, aerospace, automotive, electronics, and stone. Diamond cutting tools are divided into single crystal diamond cutting tools and polycrystalline diamond cutting tools. This time, we will first understand the polycrystalline diamond PCD cutter.
This time, we mainly introduce the cutting parameters of PCD cutting tools. The influence of cutting parameters on cutting performance of PCD cutting tools is as follows:
PCD cutting tools can be machined at extremely high spindle speeds, but the impact of changes in cutting speed on machining quality cannot be ignored. Although high-speed cutting can improve machining efficiency, under high-speed cutting conditions, the increase in cutting temperature and cutting force can cause tool tip damage and machine tool vibration.
When machining different workpiece materials, the reasonable cutting speed of PCD cutting tools is also different. For example, the reasonable cutting speed for milling Al2O3 reinforced floor is 110-120m/min; the reasonable cutting speed for turning SiC particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials and oxide-based engineering ceramics is 30-40m/min.
If the feed rate of PCD cutter is too large, the residual geometric area on the workpiece will increase, resulting in an increase in surface roughness. If the feed rate is too small, the cutting temperature will rise and the cutting life will be reduced.
Increasing the cutting depth of PCD cutting tools will increase cutting force and cutting heat, thereby aggravating tool wear and affecting tool life. In addition, increasing the cutting depth can easily cause the PCD cutter to break.
PCD cutting tools with different particle size grades show different cutting performance when machining different workpiece materials under different processing conditions. Therefore, the actual cutting parameters of PCD cutting tools should be determined based on specific processing conditions.
PCD cutting tools use hard alloys as the matrix, and diamond micro-powder is agglomerated with solvents under high temperature and high pressure.
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